Embedding nuclear physics inside the unitary window

The large values of the singlet and triplet scattering lengths locate the two-nucleon system close to the unitary limit, the limit in which these two values diverge. As a consequence, the system shows a continuous scale invariance which strongly constrains the values of the observables, a well-known fact already noticed a long time ago. The three-nucleon system shows a discrete scale invariance that can be observed by correlations of the triton binding energy with other observables as the doublet nucleon-deuteron scattering length or the alpha-particle binding energy. The low-energy dynamics of these systems is universal; it does not depend on the details of the particular way in which the nucleons interact. Instead, it depends on a few control parameters, the large values of the scattering lengths and the triton binding energy. Using a potential model with variable strength set to give values to the control parameters, we study the spectrum of $A=2,3,4,6$ nuclei in the region between the unitary limit and their physical values. In particular, we analyze how the binding energies emerge from the unitary limit forming the observed levels

Identity and the Dynamics of Preferences

Some recent economic contributions have studied individual identity in terms of explicit choices and social categories to which a person belongs to. According to Social sychology, identity is also the result of a process in.uenced by self-regulation mechanisms. We model endogenous identity-dependent preferences as the dynamic result of two mechanisms: environmental pressure and the persistent effect of past socialization in the adaptation to new environments We apply this model to environments where the agent must tradeoff con.icting utility functions, such as material and non-material payoffs, or self-interest and other-regarding preferences. The model shows that heterogeneity in individual preferences, besides being the result of socialization, cultural transmission and environmental incentives, critically hinges on the feed-back of behaviour on preferences

Cultura Organizzativa e Sostenibilita' della Governance Multistakeholder

L'intento di questo contributo e' di mettere in relazione due categorie concettuali, quella di "governo multistakeholder" e quella di "cultura organizzativa". L'argomentazione si sviluppa attraverso l'esposizione ed il commento di due proposizioni diffuse all'interno della letteratura economica: la prima sostiene che la costruzione di un modello di governo multistakeholder possa contribuire ad accrescere l'efficienza dell'azione collettiva che costituisce l'impresa, tuttavia tale modello e' ritenuto di costosa implementazione, in particolare nel caso di eterogeneita' (di obiettivi e di motivazioni) tra i partecipanti. La seconda proposizione sostiene che la diffusione di una cultura organizzativa omogenea, contenendo i costi di coordinamento, sia uno strumento per risolvere i dilemmi di azione collettiva all'interno di una istituzione, anche se la riduzione della eterogeneita' culturale in un'impresa puo' limitare le capacita' di adattamento dell'organizzazione ad un ambiente mutevole. La multistakeholdership, concluderemo, e' nello stesso tempo implementabile in modo efficiente in presenza di una cultura sufficientemente omogenea, ma deve essere anche lo strumento per permettere una continua apertura ed adattamento della cultura organizzativa, in modo da scongiurare il rischio di un eccessivo irrigidimento della capacita' dell'impresa di leggere il contesto in cui agisce.governo multistakeholder; cultura organizzativa; stakeholder society; norma sociale

La Responsabilità Sociale d’Impresa prospettive teoriche nel dibattito italiano

This paper is meant as a discussion of different methodological approaches to the analysis of corporate social responsibility (CSR), sorted out through a scrutiny of the literature that has emerged from the recent Italian debate. The first stream of literature is embedded in the neo-classical approach that adapts – to the contemporary economic environment - the famous Milton Friedman’s statement that the social responsibility of the firm is to make profits (Friedman, 1970). The second stream refers to a neo-contractualist approach, mainly developed by Lorenzo Sacconi (2004, 2005), that can be considered as an insightful application of incomplete contracts theory, strongly characterized by a contractualist-oriented ethical perspective. The third stream is the relational approach developed by Bruni and Zamagni (2004), which takes the issue of social reproduction into account in the description of the economic system, thereby looking at firms as producers of socially provided goods. Finally, we propose an integration between these different perspectives through the adoption of a conventionalist definition of CSR

Application of few-nucleon physics in astrophysics

In this contribution a brief overview of the status and recent developments of ab-initio studies of nuclear reactions of astrophysical interest is presented